Control of out-of-plane anti-damping spin torque with a canted ferromagnetic spin source
Authors
Xiaoxi Huang
Daniel A. Pharis
Hang Zhou
Zishen Tian
Thow Min Jerald Cham
Kyoungjun Lee
Yilin Evan Li
Chaoyang Wang
Yuhan Liang
Maciej Olszewski
Di Yi
Chang-Beom Eom
Darrell G. Schlom
Lane W. Martin
Ding-Fu Shao
Daniel C. Ralph
Abstract
To achieve efficient anti-damping switching of nanoscale magnetic memories with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy using spin-orbit torque requires that the anti-damping spin-orbit torque have a strong out-of-plane component. The spin anomalous Hall effect and the planar Hall effect spin current produced by a ferromagnetic layer are candidate mechanisms for producing such an out-of-plane anti-damping torque, but both require that the magnetic moment of the spin source layer be canted partly out of the sample plane at zero applied magnetic field. Here we demonstrate such a canted configuration for a ferromagnetic SrRuO3 layer and we characterize all vector components of the torque that it produces, including non-zero out-of-plane anti-damping torques. We verify that the out-of-plane spin component can be tuned by the orientation of magnetic moment, with significant contributions from both the spin anomalous Hall effect and the planar Hall effect spin current.
